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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 7 w K- V8 r0 |# e
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。
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军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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/ E' ^4 P- W" k WUnited States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）0 X& N( j8 v$ @! Y- @
United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）
@: V- S# [; qUnited States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）# M& H$ n( m( Y* U( q; q# _
United States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）2 D, U [/ X7 E8 F) Y3 T# t
United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）
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高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：3 _9 q* E4 C h- s9 Y
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4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放
2 K8 t( I- M+ n m1 h% cThe Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)1 Y2 Q3 S" ?* d" K4 X+ U
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
. q* ? [+ u8 a' N0 i8 ?& ]5 VUniversity of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)& ~/ s/ W4 C8 l( g# K) M6 {
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
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1个只收ROTC学生# S: h N! g& o5 G% ]* m
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生1 |+ H: H( P" B3 Z
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1个军民兼收的私立! g7 k+ |$ ?0 ~4 `7 _7 a. q0 ?; Z
Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)! m6 S0 D' I2 ?2 l2 o2 l! u
, e {3 b/ O. ? H# }$ ~州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：# g" y- a6 `+ n
+ W v$ y3 B1 s% w' r" r" DCalifornia State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)
N, r- l; B) fGreat Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)6 w; B6 `- O, O6 n) a, {5 [
Maine Maritime Academy
- w1 s6 v) ?) z7 tMassachusetts Maritime Academy
5 t' e- _( d4 x* ^; p1 XState University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)
1 |* j1 W" F- Y! t& ^" Y* v, \6 T( mTexas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)& L7 @% ]8 q) A: ?
% M, A9 G- f! [, O军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：
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+ I q0 m8 }& S1 BGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)" Q0 _+ t1 \! t2 b8 T0 `1 b
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama) X7 o8 |: `( u2 V5 ]
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)
3 p5 J0 k: m2 KValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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, N( P' O/ z; P, }2 w' r* M, ^) f还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：; w$ l) N* n" W
2 D5 b8 ?) s% n# R7 B- xAdmiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)/ J$ y M( r# G! ]3 P; f
American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
8 J* n4 r' T, YArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)& y! [. m& F( ^5 n( y; I' w- v( i" I
Benedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
2 |' i" `9 K9 KCamden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)
* o& U& [' T$ c. K$ wChristian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
7 o, K6 `3 H* b( L2 jCulver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)
$ ]4 g9 b1 q4 k+ o) @Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia), B. x0 h2 i2 v$ x6 N' D" F
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005). c9 Q8 h3 c; }: t% k
Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)2 C/ d, @/ X. J# r! t# v! ~
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)" t- k7 P! J. R7 q3 ]
Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)1 O5 L' }$ z& K9 H; @6 ?2 Q
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)9 h. t1 i0 _( |. w+ z) {$ i
Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)- d9 T6 j9 a6 E5 z$ ^% T/ j$ y
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)+ M9 L1 Z3 [8 Z; A" O1 K
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)
( N* U* N- D k# l4 ~" HMassanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)0 o3 X s8 W; O2 G0 C d; l
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)" s2 j w9 z. H/ [
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
; j Z) Q8 l# `+ JNorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)
6 N; t" M9 A! p/ GOak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)8 A/ ?9 ^, E( P: b! D( b% h* p
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)! k( _) B9 q( Y V! E4 |
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)
' R4 b F& D# e4 nSan Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
5 ^" U$ I( J% v6 i" W! QSaint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)6 y j1 j- `+ B
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)
- U) D6 V5 h, X2 m2 `7 V9 ASt. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)
G2 Y0 o" K/ zSt. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)/ a7 N% z8 l( J2 s1 r( ]$ t
St. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)3 K3 o( l+ H$ W& H$ v0 R: B" U
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)% X$ P+ e+ o7 g. z4 q, j
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
/ A' d9 j$ e. y3 f0 [Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)& A/ u+ { N- ]
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更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：# `" k; r- W/ w( u, S
/ B1 d- z2 f. T$ f% M AAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)7 x- g2 [! j1 d9 I/ Z- `1 m8 |
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)9 a% i, I% _ e- w8 O# l; B
Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
; ]* |" C, q: ~% V6 W6 B5 yChicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)3 r: u. J- h) N* [7 k
Cleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)
$ Q6 Y6 v) B& G" L4 o$ ~Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)) R$ w' h) z5 h/ K# |
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware). d* ]/ d1 I8 e( l" Q/ e
Franklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]! `* }0 j2 H0 }2 O
Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia) g* N& J1 I% `( g: i. N# }; Y
Hollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)* g, f: j+ p* b+ T/ t% a
Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]) t+ }; H9 ?# Z) N9 @/ @" B' h
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)' x$ R3 K) g. L' P* m0 u
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)( V$ g/ t: e8 ^( P9 x
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
4 |7 r6 h! n3 D) H. j; O. V6 BNew Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)
) n# g3 V2 F9 [4 t- M3 o, O9 AOakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
% D8 C1 E( g7 |: d: d/ [" G5 y" sPhiladelphia Military Academy[3]
8 o) H+ [7 M1 @: j1 S& }Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)% Y2 \( g. T# f+ K
Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois). o5 I* Q1 |4 X/ G
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida) i0 l. Q9 C/ s3 W9 s3 _
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)
+ }' N0 x Z9 A6 f+ UUtah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)6 ]; u! z* a2 P
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在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：* \$ ?2 e. z9 T) S/ q" J& C3 X
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United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的
. T. O4 ?! t, y4 u: `United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校
r: W6 W3 {, l2 t8 f: }1 mUnited States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)
9 `2 M; v1 [2 W6 C. b6 R9 rNaval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff
9 q* o! O. e S! mNaval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面( v; [: R t! ]! k
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
0 Z1 H5 F2 R% L/ k- U5 zAir University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技( U" }6 y$ K$ x8 a" |& \& C1 m
National Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校
0 u3 M0 H' D( c2 N8 ?Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校# s0 ?3 T7 ]% N8 G9 ^* P0 S6 ~
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各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。
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^6 G3 T# t7 I1 x: d* ]8 ^3 l& y绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
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