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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 , B; r0 G" T2 d
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。
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0 Y3 g9 c9 w/ {5 F5 ^$ A. K/ C军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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' t1 h) e: f- [% y1 ~1 gUnited States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）, G1 r+ |. X5 }& @" j* O
United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）
1 @" y, T. @7 |" |( ZUnited States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）3 o/ N& O, |( u1 _0 x2 Z/ `' f, z
United States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）
: O2 L; w: w2 j/ S! m1 n6 N- x4 SUnited States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）
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高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：
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4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放
, m' i, D5 L3 aThe Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)4 {* T3 l- l7 X
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university); Y" U' \- g/ x) O3 w3 |
University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)4 `) Z c' @+ Q! v5 G2 _8 O
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)' _8 |% \ K. r8 n) b
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1个只收ROTC学生: ~ J$ {* ~/ t) [
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生! ~3 C4 @" H* z- s) h
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1个军民兼收的私立
3 y( V: h/ x9 d$ O' K* L0 h7 w1 ?Norwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)
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州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：
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4 }1 ~" D- \7 |8 w: ?3 e0 f( V1 e. TCalifornia State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)7 [/ R/ a1 |) d6 @/ L8 p
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)2 e. y% u# O8 ] p& {
Maine Maritime Academy
1 s2 Z- p. I, v# b* ]" MMassachusetts Maritime Academy% _/ n& P- @7 Y5 E. n& k
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)
( f0 z1 R; \5 h% H6 V1 JTexas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)
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军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)( Z' S2 y; K( G7 R
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
/ [" {- S! n6 [' a- [) W* BNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)7 i# w8 O1 G. O! i
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)4 H* l- r$ i* k& w3 @" i
7 E8 W- q$ }6 I5 r+ R还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：
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! o6 o2 d- W* _( E, Q3 }Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational) ^" @: ~, }3 f: J6 S* E
American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)# k1 x1 T a( Y% p- |, `
Army and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)9 w, y( _* j/ ?) I. Z% o# ^# l
Benedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
: V W% T8 X) p+ d1 x0 m) q/ W8 PCamden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)
* A* u Q) Z6 `% [) o( T* c1 cChristian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)5 D' ?( q6 `- \7 \5 p+ d. g
Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)9 b; j/ }& O$ ~. @. G
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)2 A7 Y; |5 w2 M' N
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
3 v: m8 u5 o; r+ j3 sFork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)! f' V% l5 m0 ^. \4 w2 A6 f- q2 \
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)
' f- {2 c' L" o9 u- oHowe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)& L: q5 _4 D' h" a
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)6 P- _0 J( Z( v& \. a; Z
Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)( E/ a2 Z8 p/ k. v' V- y2 z
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)% T7 D6 f! n3 ^6 y. w, n! M
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)
( P: x6 }. i! c3 A8 mMassanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)4 n* e* T; P5 c( b( n
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)
/ Q) X# E g3 iNew York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
/ X) q5 x* ?, P# a; ZNorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)& R8 O/ ~( Y& t) `1 b
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)8 t: g4 F0 ]: J) Q+ A8 O
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)% M# c5 {% R3 t
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia). s, y2 f$ W/ G+ ]3 i
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)3 K* _9 J6 F8 z( S
Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)2 \0 F! y: [1 F M( f A
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)
( G6 j7 @+ L- h$ S7 Y3 M C; VSt. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)
7 {3 c7 P4 w- x( E- M) ^ d) [1 KSt. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
5 g. C8 t5 p$ [1 I) n$ D; TSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)
: Z% i6 C$ O# U. r! rSoutheastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida): f( J( `3 ^: D8 ^/ m2 q+ `% {
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]
. J& X7 Q6 Q* u c- D0 sValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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$ ?! _+ m+ E. t" J更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备： w. |/ w# I( N
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Air Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)
3 y: }6 u2 I- _: kBridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
- r/ M7 M0 h' g1 X' kCarver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
8 G! F$ X* l) I5 KChicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
, K0 Z- p( o7 r, zCleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)& V% g/ I/ s1 |, w8 M8 a
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)4 a2 W8 |! U9 ?: N0 V2 W' K
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)7 S& n" C7 b' }6 v* p5 `7 ^7 \
Franklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]; }, z4 W. q; W- ^ r
Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
5 ?, K7 p0 }4 s V% m, _$ BHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)+ f5 s8 @3 b1 S; \% l
Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]0 X( G; r2 M5 a' Q' ~) j. k
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)& X7 U# L% \5 b/ ^7 V H# i
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
( w8 R4 V7 J/ z' r9 o6 {New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
1 R$ A$ y n! x) q) ~, uNew Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)
: O. Y0 H* X) x A1 l6 EOakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
: Y5 T% B/ R% w% g, jPhiladelphia Military Academy[3]! u' p2 l1 `. u; T: R( C
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
4 B. P& A" V3 s; H8 U8 uRickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)' T2 }1 V8 Y2 b2 J7 K$ x' ?% J2 Y9 B6 B
Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)/ R! V( u; X! q& G( f
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)0 w( k0 X" |- L5 P' f, L1 [
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)
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在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：+ u/ p: y& r5 R& o/ K- q% m: h" [
7 B- g. V* c' M5 V9 o- N% uUnited States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的
& {) ~2 g% w k; f( u0 u! \( n' kUnited States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校
0 [/ @5 |8 G6 v( B/ R1 N. MUnited States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)9 I" a* U5 I3 {# f6 ~
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff, [1 \/ l; b. ]1 ~( L2 |
Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面 T% I6 @* G1 k! A( B! H9 u
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)5 e/ Y- Q2 ^3 e
Air University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技
1 I: n9 ^. \& U- \% v3 nNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校5 g3 f1 n% W/ N3 l
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校2 O( d2 Q; d3 z: Y) `+ T8 {% n, Z
% b! q# y9 V, d* `各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。
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绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
