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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 0 M% O0 g1 i/ v4 e7 D" O' t I/ ^1 w3 H' X
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。( G$ b8 i3 G5 L* T0 J/ D. N D3 n
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军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：
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United States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）
: K G- P: G5 q, w9 f1 ], GUnited States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）
7 n4 f* o! \) p( F! N& R; ?United States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）- E5 I) B. `0 _3 u3 D7 _- ?4 X# j
United States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）7 I( T; ^/ `; V8 z; O
United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）
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高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：3 m. M% [) l1 t6 r+ S \ ]* x
+ {( w$ k/ u9 z+ a4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放$ Z! u3 k+ |& V. ?: m, s. X
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college)
# A) O" X- X( m9 _0 P* pTexas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
# D3 c! R- f( t% L# @' p# J8 r. ?University of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
1 [4 O- Z" M* PVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)
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1个只收ROTC学生' z& |/ n+ Q4 \) o
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生
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1个军民兼收的私立
: _8 x+ {3 Y; G# W! oNorwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)
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; v6 Q b8 p. Q. i州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：
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California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)
5 U3 `& h8 Q- fGreat Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)( W z& Y% A; Q. q& a
Maine Maritime Academy; u6 U5 l& w$ {2 B- g8 K( V
Massachusetts Maritime Academy
4 l# ?/ E+ w$ BState University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)2 T6 Z9 U' ~: ^# |# U- C' k! _2 t2 _& x
Texas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)2 F! C# |% n$ v5 g2 n
3 b4 k6 Y8 p; C, ^; a军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：5 {, @( e0 i$ a" L( e- q: ?$ w
A2 Y2 D8 t3 r& _! tGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia). h$ b) k. e* R' A ?
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
/ W' U. p& @# r4 [ {New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)
; X% a: E8 k# @2 J2 S7 p# yValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)( p1 Y. y N8 w9 Z: J2 ?
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还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：# ?! V4 h3 p+ o) |: s, e: H! Z+ V
, n4 O4 y6 R( j2 u3 ?Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
% P2 A* t: c9 @" EAmerican Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
9 Y g/ ]: s$ S2 u( ^! R9 j: gArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)/ A6 w9 |! I. x5 \6 j" K7 Y
Benedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia). Q; r4 u2 e0 y/ }) y
Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)
3 L% }: J; G# P6 rChristian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York): Q. _2 l- @. E" I& c( ~
Culver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)* x+ v1 u2 Z/ S7 ~' r
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)$ v$ l# ^+ p' h
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)0 B8 F+ t7 V. p7 F3 m" e) ]/ q( V; H5 Y
Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)
9 x7 E3 G6 p/ |! @& R$ ?# OHargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)
. ^. h) Y) J3 f$ e* ?) HHowe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)
2 x8 T: X- _- @. d# I' i) NLa Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
" B) Z# V8 J; bLeonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)
3 }6 k a: Y' w9 WLyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)/ h7 z. z& f- r
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)
& d" `# E1 \# M* p# lMassanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)1 B- e. H9 `+ [% a! T
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)( L a* {( x7 d3 z Q& Q
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
& {( d3 s9 d5 h9 FNorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational)1 p: N! w. G9 F5 z; g! O2 W
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)$ G5 U) T5 P" M- J# ]& P, P' Z5 B* \
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)! P+ g h6 h, x& B3 N0 b* M
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)$ O- t( a3 e; A9 J9 t
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)% h% O# x5 C5 E/ F2 u! W+ z
Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)
& i( } @1 I+ L7 \St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)9 E/ u: S% g) Z2 W# T) O7 n. Q
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)" z7 q( A( l$ k- U
St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
" k* @+ I3 V5 i2 N: m* D8 U% U( QSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)& @3 Q R: R( P* }5 ^0 s6 r8 }! o5 v
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)
! k0 t. X+ W% E7 _, R; DTMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]) N. k' Z2 L( N S, g
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)8 W, ]+ B; p: y* p. T
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更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：
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9 [$ N- _6 w$ V" c) ~: j2 nAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)
0 S* b; j% N! V" C0 aBridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)1 n- ` g& g; `* V) q3 ~
Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
: Z% Z$ Q. h$ T( ~- J7 EChicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
9 r" Z% @+ o, uCleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)% i& K b( T- Z
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)) z6 ]3 Q8 D& k+ K$ ~
First State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware) w1 i1 V4 [& [: c
Franklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]4 Q4 z" j% c0 J9 g. H) I
Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
* a! P% A+ Q6 c' N3 }Hollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)
- a3 b8 G2 @1 PKenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
4 N& \3 ]& \* QMarine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)7 o0 H/ | @) g9 F
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois); [) S5 I6 v7 e$ }9 h' X0 \
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational). M, w1 o5 w a$ L; i# n
New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)
. t9 \' Y' ]7 q' X& o! [Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California): X8 o$ Q/ A& |6 }; k9 i* k
Philadelphia Military Academy[3]
$ Q7 A4 t& s+ nPhoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
2 A% Z, O) p* `9 j) ~Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
# ~1 [- u. U# v8 ~Sarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)9 n& w: e3 ?- ~. d: J
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)
4 t$ n( m2 e8 f& U3 {( ?" Q' CUtah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)% b1 v8 S( d4 R# ? x9 n
" T& `/ R/ A8 e# m- o9 A在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：: h! Q' n3 @- l9 S0 G4 n
+ E6 ~7 W& a8 L* F; @+ v$ `United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的( M6 G, E% m) i2 r6 S5 Q: H% e
United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校* t6 I! O2 d; T& Z/ p
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)# t9 z: r4 G( J3 I) L: B' }
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff
6 {/ t% Y+ o2 i) aNaval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面1 x k9 P0 a1 d: @7 t9 l
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)3 g8 Y8 m% m2 w9 H( v
Air University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技
6 t6 X; M- c: t5 gNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校" t/ @% t4 G% I, v5 o, g
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校! t8 J; @& _4 D; o* A$ y
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各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。
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绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
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