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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑 + J+ E+ X y& o+ u
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军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。7 c9 _$ L9 l) i' E+ {: O9 R
% [9 J5 U( P( C! |$ u5 E军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：" ?, p5 |9 o! u H$ [
% i( ~$ f0 H( gUnited States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）% i, E9 O2 a' \
United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）
4 M& I: y2 G$ m9 {1 g* v1 h$ uUnited States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）
3 K$ d/ D+ @) r+ w+ ]United States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦）6 r( \9 u2 H+ X) I/ ]
United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）
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! E V7 y; B- P, i4 j( ?9 {( N( M高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：2 I. \1 j4 h7 \3 D' r6 k/ H
8 L' f3 k1 r9 T( Q% {7 I \4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放
" x+ d6 W$ x0 o; kThe Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college): V' X0 R, p6 f. }
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
5 Y9 j0 x6 Y b7 o% x6 l. jUniversity of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)0 ]) S, R6 C" I& X% t
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university)5 Z$ D; n( u# }) o: I0 P& C+ P% r
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1个只收ROTC学生
7 N( U" v; c' F5 Y) W+ H% C& IVirginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生( b8 u# E7 n* ~3 E" l0 H' a
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1个军民兼收的私立
& G5 q# S7 \# W! L3 d. K* uNorwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)1 S$ S" c$ W' r( N
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州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：" x; L1 d# T6 B# ~9 Y- C
8 g; ~8 U" I' [' yCalifornia State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)! i6 y+ D" v% g2 E; E. K
Great Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College); y+ t5 f* k* c- Y! M5 v0 g
Maine Maritime Academy
! d' v4 e1 J8 ~3 M, NMassachusetts Maritime Academy$ u# b" X) u% z& m
State University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)
& ] c6 z) J6 P1 v* n, D y7 ?3 ^' iTexas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)& D! m; |- x& d
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军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：
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Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)
; v. p) A4 e; _& z0 F W0 mMarion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama)
% W0 W- {* ]% {) j! K+ B/ U: |New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)
! H2 A6 k$ B0 h: w: w) ^0 eValley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)$ V& {1 E+ Y' N9 D" H$ s* l
# g3 l0 ] y! m: p3 t. G! z3 k还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：1 O( g, p' l* f, x) H3 v' ~
% G4 f3 l! c* j2 ]) ~Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)
' e) h) |9 \7 e0 } K( E- \# {American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)
. f0 ]; Q" u2 |7 l tArmy and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
$ T( m) v/ X. ^+ k/ N; oBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)
+ v1 l% D! n' T/ UCamden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina) e8 |6 a9 ?" U H" Q0 y0 `
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
+ K3 t a5 S) KCulver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)1 f+ x( ?6 q6 ~5 w
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)
) k! W e) e! J- t' Q4 j3 ~Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005): q( I6 g2 ^0 U. s* P- a
Fork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)
& u- P% j- ^2 b; v4 tHargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)
, d* x" P+ x3 H! iHowe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)' E9 S8 L4 Z, j6 ~" t2 f0 D
La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
y% o x+ Q9 ~( z9 K1 ]+ ~Leonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)
0 n5 A7 _9 h' E( ^: kLyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)" t1 w9 T% ~" o: B- t' M
Marine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)' m* }$ h8 Q* m+ v- V( s
Massanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)) m) E/ J R1 p: _) T3 X* h8 e
Missouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)9 H; T- [! X O
New York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)
' g8 r& p0 h" B1 T8 ]# i) ZNorth Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational); k9 o( H. ^4 _: R$ f$ _# b9 M' D
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)7 Q/ C& t5 x; t4 I* e
Randolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)
/ a3 A: U4 R, a0 f0 w3 _Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)( l3 L$ d J. {
San Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)4 v+ `7 D: O7 G5 Q9 j
Saint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)! z0 o9 K+ w9 V0 I5 a& T% Y9 j
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)
9 ?& c/ ^1 x# G7 L& S2 g$ WSt. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)
7 ~+ q- j- [# H# ? P- `0 k8 H/ }St. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
8 R" m- u) R. |( c- ^9 eSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)1 Y* r6 P& X& n/ ^
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida). t4 ~( J b! c! |6 w0 T
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2]" \$ ?& P" N8 m# J3 {
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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8 x/ f$ v2 y2 y$ |% n! C更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：1 P$ R5 ?2 K z- ~7 g! f1 f; Z
/ m" T3 |/ N% l) Y/ V6 P2 C" x+ DAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)" t" q' i [9 }# R. r/ y2 k
Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)6 |- b" p( m, }* s, D" e% T
Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)" `+ k0 U+ p( B1 P* ?
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
$ j3 X1 T! Q% d3 k! J. W2 d5 vCleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)
. {8 M/ m+ t* }% w; F1 F2 mDelaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)
" Y: p5 B# K4 x# |4 ?, i2 c% dFirst State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
) C6 b. w) N( QFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]
- @/ {& o* t- XGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia)
( _- j$ F$ x+ `% SHollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)3 h# n8 O' `7 x& m
Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]
" o8 Y" F* n5 XMarine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)2 T4 t# b5 A2 t0 c
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
z# |) p& f7 @! g/ P" VNew Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
' v5 X3 J% ?4 y7 @New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)% O9 Q0 V) ~$ k; C
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)7 E/ I$ l; _3 z/ C0 M. P* k
Philadelphia Military Academy[3] O% Q8 ~" z7 A. l7 u
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois); F# Y- Q8 m0 ?, p
Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
. R# i: S" V( i+ Y9 ]4 CSarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)
% f! b; o8 `0 h+ J7 l7 J! }5 d, ASummerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)1 b$ v% ?9 J# f0 n1 t9 m
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)% k4 u8 P3 K+ p9 K! H \
# ^/ a. o. U; a; z' s) R, W- O# \在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：% w, k: x# S# t+ b6 f
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United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的& ?5 @+ T) F/ _, U- q0 ]
United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校/ m$ s) l- e+ Q0 D: q; U, H0 q
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)0 @$ c; K, r% M) P! V$ e
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff$ B+ L$ \* J! } |# y
Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面6 e. @+ x V, C/ o" z
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)% [8 `: |8 |# t% W9 c
Air University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技
5 {, V( O; `' T1 j! x5 ]0 JNational Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校
# ?: C9 z- z( u* B0 @$ o mMarine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校& u3 s! [) i# `/ N0 V
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各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。2 U9 w3 @+ l }" t& x8 M
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绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
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