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本帖最后由 晨枫 于 2020-6-20 14:00 编辑
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$ @# n1 k9 x8 G军迷没有不想往西点军校的，但又很少不被美国各种军校（school）、军事学院（academy）和军事大学（college、university）弄糊涂的，更是有一些貌似民间的大学在里面参合。说起来，美国军事教育制度又完整，又混乱。一方面在很多地方领导世界军事教育，另一方面又由于历史积淀攒了很多陈腐的东西。这里理一理。
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]! {4 a: {& f; Z' b军种学院（Federal Service Academies），毕业生直接进入现役，美国海运学院除外：9 l; U( B1 T: @6 J
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United States Military Academy（俗称西点军校，位于纽约州西点，里纽约市不远）! I' i" L/ \2 F. F$ ]; A7 @; J
United States Naval Academy（俗称安纳波利斯海军学院，位于马里兰州安纳波利斯）2 f: o$ l. e1 {
United States Air Force Academy（一般就直译为美国空军学院，位于科罗拉多州科罗拉多泉）
; E8 {& e* D0 z; y5 g- n7 t s+ fUnited States Coast Guard Academy（美国海岸警卫队学院，位于康涅狄格州新伦敦） C7 ~2 f0 h. B+ Q7 e7 O% @2 `- k
United States Merchant Marine Academy（美国海运学院，院长是现已海军少将，毕业生从事航运业，但并非海军军官，位于纽约州金角）
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高级军事学院（Senior Military Colleges），用于训练预备军官团，毕业生按需要成为现役，其余进入预备役：
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# U- s+ m( C Q9 ~0 Y: P8 h3 N4个也同时接受非ROTC的民间大学生，这里public指公立，不一定是对非军人开放
/ P4 i- z+ j8 G$ a9 b* t3 Q8 pThe Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina (Charleston, South Carolina; four-year public college) H4 u8 w2 N" B+ D( S- S5 `# V: v5 y
Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas; four-year public university)
# O$ Q9 p( s& _& K5 VUniversity of North Georgia (Dahlonega, Georgia; four-year public university)
5 y3 \: [. o/ X; ]7 J) e8 kVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Virginia; four-year public university) C) r4 S7 O- |; U# f
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1个只收ROTC学生& Y9 b, ^/ \3 L8 Z/ H. q$ ]4 L
Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia; four-year public college)，巴顿将军就是这里最出名的毕业生; O3 e7 x' [7 Z8 ~- h
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1个军民兼收的私立
: \8 f* z I fNorwich University (Northfield, Vermont; four-year private university)" P- x: f7 p6 @1 s @' m) u
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州立海运学院，毕业生不能自动获得海岸警卫队或者军事海运方面的职务，但是挂钩的：
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California State University Maritime Academy (part of the California State University system)
g& l' x) X+ G* @& ? W9 oGreat Lakes Maritime Academy (a division of Northwestern Michigan College)! H* U3 c, o) K
Maine Maritime Academy3 p: z/ m( G4 y0 P2 H# U! }. c* G
Massachusetts Maritime Academy
; N3 y( p/ Y0 ?1 a+ D$ X& H M+ fState University of New York Maritime College (part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system)
; D+ G# I! g6 Q! a/ LTexas A&M Maritime Academy (part of the Texas A&M University System)
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军事大专（Military Junior Colleges），这是很特别的东西，两年毕业，但必须自己另外读完民间大学的大三、大四才能或者完整ROTC资格：( F% f: N H3 `: a# }8 F
" |* k- F) X% T9 \( TGeorgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia)/ v, P* ~8 D9 b. z! E
Marion Military Institute (Marion, Alabama): |7 D0 t% }7 j/ c
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico)2 W/ Z4 d O6 i7 C$ U$ A5 X
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)
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# B' ~( l" m$ R8 l还有一大堆军事高中，为进军校准备的，都是私立的：
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Admiral Farragut Academy (St. Petersburg, Florida; coeducational)9 G/ @- t/ @% \0 P# Z* ~
American Military Academy (Guaynabo, Puerto Rico; coeducational)$ _7 b& K: Y. e0 s& f, f
Army and Navy Academy (Carlsbad, California)
% t W w1 n$ f) P6 D- g2 NBenedictine College Preparatory (Richmond, Virginia)! G H* y" \ y$ m C8 p# l: J
Camden Military Academy (Camden, South Carolina)/ k% P Q$ @* u6 ~. A7 b3 A8 K0 ~
Christian Brothers Academy (Albany, New York)
* a: O! g8 L6 I* `# M$ O. V8 QCulver Military Academy (Culver, Indiana)# G2 g7 y; |6 _- D
Fishburne Military School (Waynesboro, Virginia)7 J4 v6 N6 C5 p" r4 O: O) B
Florida Preparatory Academy (Melbourne, Florida; coeducational from 2005)
# ~0 A" @" Y% y6 O$ X" eFork Union Military Academy (Fork Union, Virginia)3 [3 F3 {6 i+ W
Hargrave Military Academy (Chatham, Virginia)
9 T: e2 I7 I0 ?" ^Howe Military School (Howe, Indiana; coeducational)
5 C0 Y7 `1 m0 X% P6 [La Salle Institute (Troy, New York)
& D! H- }* K0 V9 _2 gLeonard Hall Junior Naval Academy (Leonardtown, Maryland; coeducational)& o$ y3 K! g8 e- Y7 j$ {, ]
Lyman Ward Military Academy (Camp Hill, Alabama)
- Q9 O5 K m6 A9 d, JMarine Military Academy (Harlingen, Texas)
7 h+ m/ |, J" T# ~8 Z4 z, YMassanutten Academy (Woodstock, Virginia; coeducational)
1 B! @% }. p) {3 T OMissouri Military Academy (Mexico, Missouri)
& S( s6 M) u7 s' g0 H. ONew York Military Academy (Cornwall on Hudson, New York; coeducational)3 P, U$ V1 f/ f: x' R$ e
North Valley Military Institute (Sun Valley, California; coeducational) M) O% @. j* a+ P1 c+ k
Oak Ridge Military Academy (Oak Ridge, North Carolina; coeducational)
( v# c' a# j* n3 a1 e# ] sRandolph-Macon Academy (Front Royal, Virginia; coeducational)2 w) t G8 I+ V; E$ U
Riverside Military Academy (Gainesville, Georgia)
/ r/ d0 C/ K; L4 C& R. Q3 MSan Marcos Baptist Academy (San Marcos, Texas)
6 Z* m2 S4 ^) O6 N7 F6 w4 NSaint Thomas Academy (Mendota Heights, Minnesota)6 @8 h; p+ w5 G, s. w0 I
St. Catherine's Academy (Anaheim, California; Kindergarten - 8th Grade; all boys)2 q, r# {; @% C; u' z8 E6 F- i
St. John's College High School (Washington, DC; first JROTC school in the USA; coeducational)
" g4 C5 l9 S i' S3 \& D! OSt. John's Military School (Salina, Kansas)
. \/ s- A0 Y. D2 i, eSt. John's Northwestern Military Academy (Delafield, Wisconsin)$ G3 v; r7 z6 A1 k
Southeastern Military Academy (Port St. Lucie, Florida)) X: d E' r! G) l2 n9 a- G
TMI — The Episcopal School of Texas (San Antonio, Texas[2] C7 n1 {5 c' H4 Z9 X: c
Valley Forge Military Academy and College (Wayne, Pennsylvania)( q Z0 w' I" N5 j& u4 g9 ~
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更有一大堆公立高中有国防部部份资助的JROTC（青少年ROTC）项目，在高中期间就接受一定的军事训练，为以后参军做准备：: ^0 D4 ? f4 ~1 T7 F. p/ A8 l5 U! {
: w1 F/ w; z: d& |/ AAir Force Academy High School (Chicago, Illinois)
# J) t- u1 ~2 N4 W6 ^Bridgeport Military Academy First Responders (Bridgeport, Connecticut)! G1 j- k8 }+ d! T) s: i/ d
Carver Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)% x! b8 _8 I/ I: `* E- l. b
Chicago Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
' E; K: {, U- ICleveland Junior Naval Academy (St. Louis, Missouri)0 F$ T7 o. n8 E4 ^3 {& t; o# g2 r" q/ ]
Delaware Military Academy (Wilmington, Delaware)
& ^0 ~# ]; T1 J* S/ n9 RFirst State Military Academy (Smyrna, Delaware)
. Y* ]: C2 X8 m. d* I8 `3 J% dFranklin Military Academy (Richmond, Virginia; the country’s first secondary military academy)[3]9 w% | K+ S- K. I) [9 D& t) q
Georgia Military College (Milledgeville, Georgia; coeducational, public but not part of University System of Georgia); s; E. _$ k! _1 z1 z
Hollywood Hills Military Academy (Hollywood, Florida)/ _- R4 t1 W; i" X8 l5 g) c& u
Kenosha Military Academy (Wisconsin)[3]% h. ^7 J- v0 W7 n6 b
Marine Academy of Science and Technology (Sandy Hook, New Jersey)& u- D, ^; `5 Y
Marine Math and Science Academy (Chicago, Illinois)% i: V: L( Z, h; z% W
New Mexico Military Institute (Roswell, New Mexico; coeducational)
7 X. g1 R9 F' D# S8 g' _New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy (New Orleans, Louisiana)$ F( U6 V7 B; s7 o
Oakland Military Institute (Oakland, California)
: ?* Q; G+ r7 g% e" k. k( T' K7 KPhiladelphia Military Academy[3] S4 n% ?( ]- V0 Q9 g8 f ]
Phoenix Military Academy (Chicago, Illinois)4 T- w7 J% c& f- o$ i
Rickover Naval Academy (Chicago, Illinois)
! H4 x0 ^" H- y. i1 A7 J! SSarasota Military Academy (Sarasota, Florida)9 T* ]8 M: p5 v0 V) R& e& b# U$ L
Summerlin Military Academy (Bartow, Florida)3 N1 y# i4 b9 \( u
Utah Military Academy (Riverdale, Utah)
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在另一头，则是各军种的研究生院：
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United States Army Command and General Staff College (Fort Leavenworth, Kansas)，陆军中级军官学校，下设School for Command Preparation，School of Advanced Military Studies，Command and General Staff School，School for Advanced Leadership and Tactics，郝柏村是这里毕业的: c0 X! `7 W! f9 ^9 I* |
United States Army War College (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)，陆军高级军官学校，招收有希望晋升将官的中校和上校4 @/ w7 |% k$ m! n# I/ b
United States Army Warrant Officer Career College (Fort Rucker, Alabama)$ Z) ]) n8 F$ j
Naval War College (Newport, Rhode Island)，海军中高级军官学校，偏重指挥，下设College of Naval Warfare，Maritime Advanced Warfighting School，College of Naval Command and Staff" _" E4 r, ~* q9 n9 r1 J
Naval Postgraduate School (Monterey, California)，更加偏重科技方面# H- w0 h6 p( l) D, `, u8 L
Marine Corps University (Quantico, Virginia)
, G: S, }1 e& j% MAir University (Montgomery, Alabama)，空军中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Air War College，空军高级军官学校；School of Advanced Air and Space Studies，空天战争的研究生院；Air Command and Staff College，空军中级军官学校；Squadron Officer School，中队长学校；Air Force Institute of Technology (Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio)，偏重科技! U0 U% h" _, Z+ k. f# U& S
National Defense University (Washington, D.C.)，三军联合，下设National War College，联合作战高级军官学校；Industrial College of the Armed Forces，偏重军工管理；Joint Forces Staff College (Norfolk, Virginia)，联合作战中级军官学校$ o2 f, }# S* O9 y; Q: g
Marine Corps University (Quantico, VA)，陆战队中高级军官学校的统一架构，下设Marine Corps War College，陆战队高级军官学校；School of Advanced Warfighting，陆战队的战术研究生班；Marine Corps Command and Staff College，陆战队中级军官学校；Expeditionary Warfare School，陆战队上尉军官的战术进修学校# y5 n L5 p6 m9 f
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各种专门学校（如步兵学校、装甲兵学校、游骑兵学校、伞兵学校、……）就数不胜数了，也经常在变动中。) M: F! R- ~5 S8 a2 E
( x- Q" y' L e7 d绕晕了吗？我也是。 |
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发表于 2020-6-21 12:06:24
