参考消息上有篇文章：

美媒揭秘朝鲜潜射导弹发展史：源于俄报废导弹

里面说到：朝鲜是在20世纪90年代获得一枚俄制R-27潜射弹道导弹的全部零件或部分零件的。R-27是20世纪60年代的老技术，70年代被更现代的设计所取代。但是，许多未使用的R-27潜艇在90年代前被回收，用于科学研究。……据信，90年代，至少有一枚导弹的全部或大部分零件被当做“废品”非法销往朝鲜。这是推论出来的，因为1991年苏联解体后，朝鲜购买了很多被当做废品的报废俄制武器。后来发现，有些废品被朝鲜人再军事化。

另外，文章也说到朝鲜用来发射导弹的潜艇：朝鲜携带弹道导弹的柴电潜艇是在2015年5月被发现携带这些导弹的。……该潜艇显然是朝鲜制造的，但基于的是20世纪60年代俄罗斯的设计，还有俄罗斯的部分零件。……这艘柴电潜艇结果是朝鲜制造的“海豚”级潜艇，显然主要用来试射潜射弹道导弹。……这些潜艇使用了大量老式的（20世纪60年代和70年代）俄罗斯潜艇技术，需要的船员数较多，60人，可在海上逗留约30天。……

这里说的潜艇有些费解（对我来说)，只知道“海豚”级潜艇是以色列的，怎么朝鲜……？于是去找美国人的原文Strategic Weapons: How North Korea Got It Done。才知道指的是新浦级潜艇

Many of the early teste were from a submersible barge that developed by Russia and first used in the 1960s. The last three were from what appears to be a North Korea built Whale (Gorae) class sub.

Whale (Gorae) class sub　又或者叫Sinpo class 中文里叫新浦级潜艇

关于朝鲜获得作为参考的俄国潜艇，文章说也是买“废品”：

North Korea also received ten decommissioned Russian Golf class SSB in 1993, to be turned into scrap. The Golf class boats used the 16 ton R-21 SLBM, which is thinner and longer than the R-27 that replaced it (in the first Russian nuclear powered SSBNs) in the 1960s and 1970s. Foreign intelligence agencies have been watching North Korea carefully for signs that North Korea was working on an SSB but the only possibility found was one new submarine under construction. It did not look like a copy of the Golf class boats but did have a sail that might have held an R-27/Musudan type SLBM. In any event this boat seemed to be under construction a long time and largely hidden from view. The scrapped Golf boats enabled the North Koreans to examine the first generation SLBM launch equipment, in which SSBs fired missiles from an elongated sail structure that contained three SLBMs.