驳晨斯基力挺光辉深度好文

holycow

原文刊载于天竺快报：http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/light-combat-aircraft-tejas-iaf-rafale-deal-taking-off/

Taking Off
-- Contrary to official claims, Tejas is a winner

起飞
-- 与官方意见正相反，光辉才是赢家

For an indigenous light combat aircraft (LCA) disparaged by the Indian Air Force brass as “overweight”, “underpowered”, “obsolete”, “a three-legged cheetah” and, in technical terms, as a plane that “cannot fly without telemetry, pull more than 6G or an angle-of-attack (AoA) greater than 20 degrees” and “with an air intake that starves the engine”, is supposedly afflicted with “53 identified shortfalls”, and fails to meet the “minimum air staff requirements (ASRs)”, the Tejas, entirely unreported by the Indian media, performed phenomenally well at the recent Bahrain International Air Show. It has silenced the naysayers. The minimum that this success ought to do is get the government to reconsider the deal with France, because the fact is Tejas’ future will be inversely affected by the Rafale deal. If one is up, the other is out.

对于一架被印度空军高层痛批为“超重”，“推力不足”，“过时”，“缺了一条腿的猎豹”，或者更技术流一点：“没有遥测设备就没法飞”，“飞不了6G以上过载”，“飞不了超过20度的攻角”，“进气道和发动机不匹配”的国产轻型战斗机，对于一架被空军认定“有53处缺陷”，不能满足“空军参谋部最低要求”的国产战斗机来说，光辉在巴林航展的表演飞行出乎意料地成功。即使印度媒体拒不报道光辉的表现，这次在巴林的亮相仍然足以让怀疑派闭嘴。这一成功至少应该让政府重新考虑和法国人的阵风交易，因为光辉和阵风是互成反比关系的。当一个计划成功时，另一个必然失败。

The LCA’s composites-built airframe and small size enhance its stealth features, translating into a small radar signature and the greatest difficulty for enemy aircraft to detect it. Bahrain proved that fighting quality. There can be no complaints.

LCA的复合材料机体和小巧的外形增强了它的隐身能力，使之拥有更小的雷达反射面积，使敌机更难探测到它。在巴林航展的表现证明了空战能力，对于LCA的能力再也不应有丝毫怀疑。

Price-wise, India is willing to pay only $7 billion, France expects $11 bn. To put these figures in perspective, the Rafale programme was originally pegged at $10 bn for 126 aircraft, including transfer of technology (ToT). So how come, after reducing the demand for Rafales by two-thirds and deducting 18 per cent of the cost as value of ToT, the new price tag exceeds the original cost by a billion dollars? Worse, Paris is disinclined to offer sovereign guarantee regarding the delivery timeline and spares supply but is prepared to provide a letter from President Francois Hollande, which is worth nothing. Yet, the defence ministry is reconciled to forking out Rs 63,000 crore for 36 Rafales. This works out to Rs 1,750 crore or nearly $270 million per aircraft — a sum that could fetch three Tejas or two Sukhoi-30 MKIs, rated the best combat aircraft in the world.

在价格方面，印度准备了70亿美元的预算来采购阵风，法国要价110亿。比较一下，当年我们准备采购126架阵风的时候，预算是100亿美元，这还包括了阵风的技术转移。为什么采购数量减少三分之二，再减去18%的技术转移费用后，现在的价钱比原先还要高10亿美元？更糟糕的是，巴黎拒绝对阵风的交付速度和备件供应给予国家担保。法国人倒是愿意出一封奥朗德签名的信件，其法律效力等于零。就算这样，国防部还是准备花6300亿卢比来采购36架阵风，也就是每架175亿卢比，或2亿7千万美元 ---- 用买一架阵风同样的钱可以买三架光辉或两架苏-30MKI，后者是当今世界上最好的作战飞机。

Tejas, a 4.5 generation aircraft like Rafale, has always been underfunded by government and undermined by the IAF with periodic rewriting of ASRs. Three years ago, for instance, a mid-air refuelling probe was included, necessitating aircraft redesign that cost time, money and delays in the certification and induction cycles.

光辉和阵风同属4代半战机，却一直被政府置于资金不足的境地。空军更是落井下石，不断更改技战术要求。比如三年前，空军要求加装空中加油探头，这导致飞机需要重新设计，这耗费了更多的时间，金钱，导致了取证和服役的进一步延宕。

Scarcity of money is the real problem and requires making hard choices. Should the Indian government commit Rs. 63,000 crore to the Tejas and Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) programmes rather than sustaining the French aviation industry, it will signal serious intent, bring the streamlined Defence Production Policy-2016 guidelines into play, permitting the DRDO to transfer source codes and flight control laws to Indian private-sector companies, incentivise small- and medium-scale technology innovation companies comprising an Indian mittelstand to take root, motivate foreign suppliers of components and assemblies that currently comprise 70 per cent of Tejas to manufacture these in India and, conjoined to a policy pushing its export, germinate a viable, comprehensively capable, aerospace sector-led Indian defence industrial growth. This infusion of funds will fast-track the synergistic development of follow-on versions of Tejas, its navalised variant, along with the AMCA, and the fifth generation fighter project in partnership with Russia. It will be the cutting-edge of a “Made in India” policy showcasing indigenous capability.

资金是一个大问题，由于资金不足，必须采取艰难的决断。如果印度政府将用于养肥法国航空工业的6300亿卢比用于光辉和AMCA计划，这将有助于向外界展示政府的决心，将2016年版的国防生产政策指南投入实践，使得DRDO开始向私有国防工业公司转移源代码和飞控系统，鼓励中小型技术创新公司投身国防工业，推动为光辉生产70%左右部件的国外供应商加速在印度建立生产线，并且在鼓励武器出口的政策下，建立一个可持续而有能力的，以航太工业领军的印度国防工业。这一资金的注入将有利于光辉的后续发展，如海军型，并且有利于AMCA和俄印合作第五代战机的研发。这将构成“印度制造”计划的尖端。

With Rafale facing production problems — only eight aircraft were outputted in 2014 — all the contracted Rafales won’t be in IAF service before 2030. It is not the answer to India’s immediate need. A more economical solution that will also satisfy the IAF’s apparent craving for French aircraft is to procure the 30-plus upgraded Mirage 2000-9s the United Arab Emirates want to be rid of, and a third Mirage squadron (with 80 per cent of its life intact) available from Qatar. Infrastructure already exists to service and operate the Mirages. It will not complicate the logistics nightmare created by the diversity of combat aircraft in the IAF’s inventory, which Rafale’s entry will do.

由于阵风的产能问题 -- 达索在2014年只生产了8架 -- 空军到2030年前无法得到所有36架阵风。阵风不能解决印度的燃眉之急。一个更经济的解决方案是购买阿联酋的30多架二手幻影2000-9，并且从卡塔尔还能弄到八成新的一个二手幻影2000中队，这能满足空军对法制战机的胃口。印度早就拥有支持幻影2000的地勤设施，这将不会给空军造成更多的后勤问题，而阵风却会。

@晨枫

李根

There can be no complaints.

燕庐敕

@晨枫

圣牛的@似乎没成功，我来在帮一把！

勤劳工作的猪

搬个马扎凑过来看热闹

白色潜水艇

我支持印度人买法国飞机，就像我反对中企去印度搞基础建设一样。

晨枫

哈哈，这有什么好说的呢？鼓励印度公知领导印度人民先把有眼不识泰山、只知道开着外国飞机卖国的印度空军拿下，然后大干快上，用LCA征服世界！

看客

我觉得LCA’s none-built airframe and  no size enhance its stealth features, translating into no radar signature and the completely impossible for enemy aircraft to detect it