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这张图可以看出,计算机和数学专业外国人占50%以上,心理学是美国的传统强势学科啊,外国人的占的比例自然很小。 ! Z" V1 ?+ |& g! Y% A4 q4 C) i大约有30%的科技工作者来自外国。美国大约有700万个科学技术工作。可想而知,美国的科学和技术发展是非常需要国外的人才来补充的。但脱离了后援,后续动力就会打折扣了。) T3 Q/ f$ d" h6 ?8 k. B- b( d7 s7 @
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- {$ R# k u5 b n' Z中国科研投入的百分比并不是很高。2%,但是增速很高。科技投入比最高的是南韩。美国和日本都已经开始出现饱和趋势了。印度居然在开倒车。欧洲除了德国以外,都平平无奇。从这张图上也能看到未来带来科技突破的地域会是在哪里。 x. Y5 ?! M( W
从这张图中我们可以看到美国的创新精神已经逐渐落后于南韩了。( R+ m/ Z$ K& ^6 ?
Although this report does not forecast future outcomes, the data show the evolution of the United States in the global S&E enterprise. The United States continues to lead globally in R&D expenditures, S&E doctoral-level degree awards, and production of highly cited research publications. At the same time, other nations, particularly China, are rapidly developing their S&E capacity. As a result, the United States has seen its relative share of global S&T activity flatten or shrink, even as its absolute activity levels kept rising. As more countries around the world develop R&D and human capital infrastructure to sustain and compete in a knowledge-oriented economy, the United States is playing a less dominant role in many areas of S&E activity.
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文章的结论很清晰地指出随着世界各国对于研发和人才的投入,美国的重要性在许多领域开始下降了。+ [/ f. n# f: K( r. ~; r1 e( L