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这张图可以看出,计算机和数学专业外国人占50%以上,心理学是美国的传统强势学科啊,外国人的占的比例自然很小。 . v z1 L# U9 k& n. |大约有30%的科技工作者来自外国。美国大约有700万个科学技术工作。可想而知,美国的科学和技术发展是非常需要国外的人才来补充的。但脱离了后援,后续动力就会打折扣了。! {/ `6 d9 }+ l4 Z. X( Q9 P+ J
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这张图显示出来美国人民对于科学还是有很多,正面的评价。学位越高,对于科学的信心也越强/ y% P R- Z) Q D' Y
比较这一份报告和2014年的报告,才发现有很多东西改变了。2014年的报告还很细致详尽的讨论了幼儿园有四年级到八年级,以及国际上的数学和科学的教育成果。而这份2020年的报告,基本上更加关注的都是国际的竞争形式。 4 C1 x% S, n. P! w# y" I2 K$ Q/ ~+ P
Although this report does not forecast future outcomes, the data show the evolution of the United States in the global S&E enterprise. The United States continues to lead globally in R&D expenditures, S&E doctoral-level degree awards, and production of highly cited research publications. At the same time, other nations, particularly China, are rapidly developing their S&E capacity. As a result, the United States has seen its relative share of global S&T activity flatten or shrink, even as its absolute activity levels kept rising. As more countries around the world develop R&D and human capital infrastructure to sustain and compete in a knowledge-oriented economy, the United States is playing a less dominant role in many areas of S&E activity.